Optical loss testers are essential tools for detecting losses in optical fiber networks. These losses can occur due to a variety of factors, including fiber attenuation, connector and splice losses, and macro bends. In this article, we will discuss the various methods for using optical loss testers to detect losses in optical fiber networks.
Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR)
One of the most common methods for using an optical loss tester is the optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR). An OTDR works by sending a pulse of light down the fiber and then measuring the time it takes for the light to reflect back to the tester. This information is then used to determine the length of the fiber, as well as any losses that occur along the length of the fiber.
OTDRs are highly accurate and can detect losses due to a variety of factors, including fiber attenuation, connector and splice losses, and macro bends. They are also useful for identifying the location of any faults or breaks in the fiber. However, OTDRs can be expensive and require specialized training to operate effectively.
Optical Power Meter (OPM)
Another common method for using an optical loss tester is the optical power meter (OPM). An OPM works by measuring the amount of optical power that is received at the end of the fiber. This information is then used to calculate the amount of loss that occurs along the length of the fiber.
OPMs are less expensive than OTDRs and are relatively easy to use. They can detect losses due to fiber attenuation and connector losses, but are less effective at detecting splice losses and macro bends.
Visual Fault Locator (VFL)
A visual fault locator (VFL) is a compact, handheld device that emits a visible red laser beam that can be used to detect faults or breaks in the fiber. The VFL works by injecting a high-powered laser beam into the fiber, which can then be seen at the other end of the fiber if there is a break or fault.
VFLs are relatively inexpensive and easy to use, but are not as accurate as OTDRs or OPMs. They are best suited for detecting faults or breaks in the fiber rather than measuring losses.
Optical Return Loss (ORL)
Optical return loss (ORL) is another method for using an optical loss tester to detect losses in optical fiber networks. ORL is the measure of the amount of light that is reflected back toward the source due to imperfections in the fiber, connectors, or splices. An ORL meter can be used to measure the amount of light that is reflected back toward the source, which can then be used to calculate the amount of loss in the fiber.
ORL meters are less common than OTDRs and OPMs, but are highly accurate and can detect losses due to fiber attenuation, connector losses, and splice losses. They are also useful for identifying the location of any faults or breaks in the fiber.
In conclusion, optical loss testers are essential tools for detecting losses in optical fiber networks. The most common methods for using optical loss testers are the OTDR, OPM, VFL, and ORL. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of method will depend on the specific requirements of the network and the level of accuracy and precision needed. By using these methods effectively, network operators can ensure that their optical fiber networks are operating efficiently and effectively, with minimal losses and disruptions.
