In recent years, my country's optical fiber access market has shown a good momentum of development, and optical fiber access has become a hot spot in the field of optical communications. In the optical fiber access project, the indoor wiring close to the user is the most complicated link. The bending performance and tensile performance of conventional indoor optical cables can no longer meet the needs of FTTH (fiber-to-the-home) indoor wiring.
ZR Cable leather cable
1. Leather cable and its derivatives
1.1 The home optical cable in FTTH
FTTH (Fiber to the Home) is the final form of fiber access network development. The optical fiber access network is divided into FTTH (fiber to the home), FTTB (fiber to the building), FTTP (fiber to the premise) and FTTC (fiber to the roadside) according to the location of the optical network unit. In China, the optical fiber access network mainly adopts PON (passive optical network) technology, uses optical splitters to distribute optical signals, and provides services for multiple users at the same time.
Optical cables used in FTTH networks are divided into feeder optical cables, distribution optical cables and household line optical cables according to their positions in the network.
Among these kinds of optical cables, the home optical cable is a more complicated link, and the traditional home optical cable has problems such as high price and low reliability. The new type of home optical cable includes armored optical cable and leather cable. Armored optical cables are more suitable for mobile and higher protection requirements, and are generally used as active jumpers between wall sockets and desktop optical user terminals. The leather cable is more suitable for fixed and tight wiring, and can be used for open line or short-distance pipeline laying. Next, let's take a look at the structure and characteristics of the leather cable.
1.2 The basic structure and characteristics of the leather cable
The single-core and double-core structures of the leather-line optical cable are widely used, and it can also be made into a four-core structure. The cross-section is in a figure-eight shape. center.
According to the type of strength member, the leather cable can be divided into two types: metal strength members and non-metal strength members. The metal-strengthened leather cable can achieve greater tensile strength and is suitable for long-distance indoor horizontal wiring or short-distance indoor vertical wiring. FiberHome's metal-strengthened leather optical cable is not reinforced with conventional phosphating steel wire, but a special copper-clad steel wire material, which can avoid the rebound and winding damage caused by phosphating steel wire during engineering construction. . The fiber optic cable of the non-metallic reinforcement adopts FRP as the reinforcing material, which can realize all non-metallic access to the home, and has excellent lightning protection performance, which is suitable for introduction from outdoor to indoor.
The outer sheath of the leather cable is generally made of PVC material or LSZH material. The flame retardant performance of LSZH material is higher than that of PVC material. At the same time, the use of black LSZH material can block ultraviolet erosion and prevent cracking, which is suitable for outdoor to indoor introduction.
1.3 Derivative structure of leather cable
In addition to the four most basic types of leather cable, there are also a variety of derivative structures, the most common are pipeline mapping optical cable (pipeline type) and self-supporting "8" wiring optical cable (overhead type).
Pipe mapping optical cables and self-supporting "8" wiring optical cables are both indoor and outdoor integrated optical cables, which can adapt to both indoor and outdoor environments, and are suitable for FTTH introduction from outdoor to indoor. Due to the addition of outer sheath, reinforcement and water blocking material on the basis of the leather wire optical cable, the hardness and waterproof performance of the pipeline mapping optical cable are improved, and it is suitable for outdoor pipeline laying. The self-supporting "8" wiring optical cable adds a metal hanging wire unit on the basis of the leather cable, so the tensile strength is higher, it can be used for overhead laying, and it is suitable for the wiring environment where the outdoor overhead is introduced into the indoors.
2. How to enter the home of the leather cable
2.1 User indoor wiring
In the FTTH project, the user's indoor wiring is the most complicated link, and many factors are considered. It is necessary to ensure the safety of the line, take into account the indoor beauty, and at the same time facilitate the construction. The traditional single-core indoor optical cable can no longer meet the indoor wiring requirements of the current FTTH project. As a substitute for traditional indoor optical cable, FiberHome fiber optic cable can adapt to most indoor wiring conditions. For example, it can turn with a bending radius of 20mm, and can bear the lateral pressure of people stepping on the optical cable and the pulling force caused by engineering construction. At the same time, with a variety of on-site connectors, on-site termination and docking can be realized in the shortest time. Therefore, FiberHome fiber optic cable is the best choice for FTTH indoor wiring.
2.2 Vertical and horizontal wiring in the building
Like the user's indoor wiring, the FiberHome fiber optic cable is also suitable for vertical and horizontal wiring in the building. The horizontal wiring is not very demanding on the optical cable, but the vertical wiring must require the optical cable to have a certain tensile strength. Fiberhome leather cable can withstand a short-term tensile force of 200 N and long-term 100 N at the maximum, so it can ensure the construction safety and stable performance of vertical wiring of leather cable within a certain height range.
2.3 Pipeline wiring
Compared with the leather cable, the pipeline mapping optical cable is harder and has higher tensile strength. At the same time, the optical cable contains water-blocking materials, which can reduce the erosion of outdoor rainwater, so it is more suitable for long-distance outdoor pipeline laying. The FiberHome Pipeline Mapping Optical Cable adopts an all-non-metal structure, thus avoiding the introduction of lightning into the room. After the optical cable enters the house, strip its outer sheath, water blocking material and reinforcements, and directly use the middle leather cable for indoor wiring, which inherits all the advantages of indoor wiring of the leather cable, while reducing the connection of outdoor and indoor optical cables.
2.4 Self-supporting overhead wiring
Since the self-supporting "8" wiring optical cable has a metal hanging wire unit, it has stronger tensile performance and can withstand a span of 50 meters. The optical cable is laid outdoors in an overhead manner. Before entering the house, the metal suspension wire unit is cut off and fixed on a special fixture. After the remaining optical cable is stripped of the metal suspension wire, the leather wire optical cable is introduced into the room.
3. Conclusion
The development of FTTH has brought the optical fiber closer and closer to us. The leather cable is the part of the FTTH project that is closest to the user. The characteristics of stable performance and easy laying have brought more and more families into the optical fiber era.
