The optical splitter is a component of the PON network. It is a passive device connecting the OLT and the ONU. Its function is to distribute the downlink data and concentrate the uplink data. The optical splitter has one uplink optical interface and several downlink optical interfaces.
Working principle: When a single-mode fiber transmits an optical signal, the energy of the light is not completely concentrated in the core, and a small amount is propagated through the cladding close to the core, that is to say, between the two fibers If the cores are close enough, the mode field of the light transmitted in one fiber can enter the other fiber, and the optical signal is redistributed in the two fibers.
Optical Splitter Loss Calculation
Optical power loss is related to the number of optical branches (each 1:2 split produces ~3.5dB loss)
The loss of optical power determines the distance that can be transmitted
Beam splitter type
Optical splitters are mainly divided into two categories according to different manufacturing processes: FBT type (fused tapered optical splitter) and PLC type (planar optical waveguide power optical splitter).
Fused taper technology is to bundle two or more optical fibers together, and then melt and stretch them on the taper machine. During the stretching process, the coupling splitting ratio of each fiber is monitored. One fiber (the rest are cut off) is used as the input end, and the other end is used as the multi-channel output end.
FBT type beam splitter process principle
Planar optical waveguide technology is based on optical integration technology, using semiconductor technology to make optical waveguide branch devices, and the branching function is completed on the chip.
PLC type optical splitter process principle
According to the scope of application, it can be divided into: box-type optical splitter, tray-type optical splitter, rack-mounted optical splitter, wall-mounted optical splitter, etc.
Cassette optical splitters are mainly used in ODF racks in computer rooms, optical cable transfer boxes, etc.
Cassette beam splitter
The tray-type optical splitter can only be installed in the ODF rack or optical cable transfer box in the equipment room.
Tray beam splitter
Rack-mount optical splitters can only be installed in standard racks.
The wall-mounted beam splitter is installed on the wall and can be installed in corridors and corridors.
