Optical cable communication mainly uses optical fiber to transmit signals. Its main features are small size, good corrosion resistance, long transmission distance, low line loss, strong electromagnetic resistance, etc. The use of optical cable lines for communication has become the main way of communication.
However, in the actual application process, there are many factors that lead to the failure of the communication optical cable line. Reasons for the failure of fiber optic lines:
1. Internal factors.
The insulation of the optical fiber cable line, if its insulation performance is not good, the joint box is damp or water, it will greatly reduce the operating strength of the optical cable due to stress corrosion and static fatigue, etc. In severe cases, the optical cable may break. situation, a failure occurred.
2. The line connector is faulty.
This is also the place where problems are most likely to occur, because the original optical cable structure has no protection or is weakened. If it wants to work normally, it must rely on the splice box, thus reducing the number of splice failures and better protection. Smooth operation of fiber optic lines.
3. External factors.
The first is the impact of thunder. All the network cables used in the wiring system have metal conductors. When they are struck by lightning, a strong current will be generated, which will cause damage to the optical cable equipment, and even cause casualties in severe cases.
4. External influence.
This is caused by its wiring environment. The laying of optical fiber cables is generally in the field, and the standard of burial is deep below the underground layer, so it is difficult to avoid damage to the optical cable in this regard.
How to accurately determine the location of obstacles?
No matter which splicing method is adopted in the construction, the coating layer of the optical fiber joint has been removed. Although the protection is enhanced, the strength and flexibility of the optical fiber at the joint are not as good as before. In addition, seasonal construction and large temperature difference Or in the process of fiber coiling, when the force is too large and the position is improper, the naked fiber inside will be squeezed to form bubbles inside. During hot-melting, dust and fine sand enter the hot-melting tube, and under the influence of sun and rain, wind and vibration, and vibration during the remediation process, there is a possibility of obstacles at the joints of the overhead optical cable.
The obstacles in the middle of the optical cable are mostly caused by human external forces, natural disasters and other factors. During the test, it will be found that one or more channels of the optical fiber in the same position are blocked, or several optical fibers in a bundle of tubes have large losses. At this time, the approximate location of the fault can be judged according to the distance tested and the maintenance map and other data. If there is no total resistance due to knife cutting, rodent damage, etc., and the obstacle point has a certain degree of concealment, you can open the splice box that is considered to be the closest to the obstacle point, disconnect the optical fiber in question, and test to both sides.
The terminal obstacle refers to the failure of the pigtail terminal box and the incoming optical cable. During the test, it is found that there is no transmitted signal or the starting position is too low. It is necessary to narrow the measurement range, change the pulse width and re-test to determine the specific location of the obstacle.
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