Carrier-grade fiber optic connectors are widely used in fiber optic transmission lines, fiber optic distribution frames, fiber optic test instruments and meters. So, do you know what is the key point of the insertion loss of fiber optic connectors?
Carrier Grade Fiber Optic Connectors
1. The main factor of connector insertion loss
(1) Optical fiber structure parameters
(Different core diameters, different numerical apertures, different refractive index distributions, etc.) Losses caused by mismatches.
(2) Core alignment error (core misalignment loss)
Losses due to lateral misalignment of the core are called misalignment losses. This is an important cause of insertion loss.
There are many reasons for such losses. It mainly includes the core/cladding concentricity of the optical fiber, the concentricity of the ferrule and the parameters of the test adapter are not ideal, etc.
(3) Loss due to end face shape and clearance
The main reason for this loss is that the physical parameters of the end face of the carrier-grade optical fiber connector are not ideal, resulting in direct contact between the two non-planar end faces of the connecting optical fibers, leaving a certain gap or non-planar contact.
2. Production process control elements
(1) The quality of the ferrule
Mainly the inner diameter and concentricity of the ferrule. For multimode optical fiber connectors, the ferrule concentricity is required to be less than 3 microns, and for single-mode optical fiber connectors, the ferrule concentricity requirements are less than 1 micron. The concentricity of the ferrule, the physical parameters of the ground back face, and the mating dimensions of the external parts can affect the concentricity of the core/ferrule, resulting in misalignment losses.
(2) Grinding level
To measure the grinding quality, it is necessary to look at the end face and then look at the physical parameters. There are three main physical parameters: radius of curvature, spherical eccentricity, and fiber sag. For APC type connectors, there are two parameters for the end face angle (8 degrees slope) and the key angle deviation. These parameters affect insertion loss.
(3) Size matching of external components
The dimensional fit of the external components will directly affect the repeatability and interchangeability of the connector. Especially for APC type connectors, interchangeability and repeatability may exceed 0.1dB or worse if the size fit is not ideal.
The above is a complete knowledge of the insertion loss of carrier-grade fiber optic connectors. Fiber optic connectors offer excellent performance and outstanding functionality.
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